宁波市2218例中学生注意缺陷多动症状与抑郁情绪的调查研究
[摘要] 目的 通過调查了解宁波市中学生注意缺陷多动症状与抑郁情绪的发生状况及其相关性。 方法 采用分层随机整群抽取法，对宁波市2274名中学生采用自编一般情况问卷、贝克抑郁问卷第2版（BDI-Ⅱ）和中文版注意缺陷多动障碍SNAP-Ⅳ进行问卷调查。 结果 共回收2218份有效问卷，抑郁情绪阳性率37.2%，其中轻度抑郁17.9%，中度抑郁15.0%，重度抑郁4.4%，注意力缺陷多动症状阳性率14.0%，临界组10.6%，中度异常组2.6%，重度异常组0.9%。看电视或上网时间越长，学习压力越大，学习兴趣越低，学习成绩越差，父母受教育水平越低，注意缺陷多动冲动症状及抑郁情绪发生率越高。注意缺陷多动症状与抑郁情绪的严重程度呈正相关（rs=0.152，P<0.001）。 结论 注意缺陷多动症状与抑郁情绪有共同的影响因素，也会相互影响，故需针对筛选出的影响因素进行预防干预，对于筛选出单个症状的儿童青少年亦需采用综合干预的措施。
[关键词] 注意缺陷多动症状；抑郁情绪；中学生；横断面调查
[中图分类号] R749.94 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）03-0125-05
Questionnaire survey of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depression in 2218 middle school students in Ningbo
CHENG Fang1 HU Zhenyu1 JING Pan1 CHENG Xia2 HU Shasha1 WANG Beini1 WANG Xiaojia1 ZHANG Wenwu1
1.Children Section， Ningbo Kangning Hospital， Ningbo 315201， China； 2.Zhenhai District Zhuangshi Street Community Health Service Center in Ningbo， Ningbo 315201， China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate and understand the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD） and depressive mood in middle school students in Ningbo and its correlation. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used， and 2274 middle school students in Ningbo were surveyed by self-developed general condition questionnaire， Baker"s Depression Inventory Version Ⅱ（BDI-Ⅱ） and the Chinese version of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder（SNAP-Ⅳ）. Results A total of 2218 valid questionnaires were retrieved. The positive rate of depression was 37.2%. The mild depression was 17.9%， moderate depression was 15.0%， and severe depression was 4.4%. The positive rate of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was 14.0%. The critical group was 10.6%， the moderate abnormal group was 2.6% and severe abnormal group was 0.9%. The longer the time of watching TV or surfing the Internet， the greater the learning pressure， the lower the learning interest， the worse the academic performance， the lower the level of education of parents were， the higher the incidence of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and depressive mood was. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was positively correlated with the severity of depressive mood（rs=0.152， P<0.001）. Conclusion Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and depression have a common influencing factor， and they also influence each other. Therefore， it is necessary to screen out the influencing factors for preventive intervention， and comprehensive intervention measures should be carried out for the children and adolescents who are screened with individual symptoms.
