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健康教育对小儿急性中毒的影响及比较分析

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  [摘要] 目的 探讨健康教育对小儿急性中毒的影响,为预防小儿急性中毒的发生提供理论依据。 方法 本研究选取了宝安区2013年4月~2015年3月的60例小儿作为研究对象,将60例小儿随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例,给予对照组小儿常规教育,给予观察组小儿急性中毒健康教育,对比两种方法对预防小儿急性中毒的影响。 结果 对照组幼儿的急性中毒发生率为20.0%,观察组幼儿的急性中毒发生率为3.3%,与对照组相比,观察组幼儿的急性中毒发生率明显降低,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组幼儿家长急性中毒知识问卷调查的合格率为76.7%,观察组幼儿家长急性中毒知识问卷调查的合格率为93.3%,与对照组相比,观察组幼儿家长急性中毒知识问卷调查的合格率明显提高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 健康教育可以显著降低小儿急性中毒的发生率,并且显著提高家长的急性中毒知识,所以值得推广。
  [关键词]健康教育;小儿急性中毒;影响;分析
  [中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)13-135-03
  [Abstract] Objective Investigate the effect of health education on children with acute poisoning, to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention. Methods 60 children of Bao"an District from April 2013 to March 2015 were selected as the research subjects, they were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 30 cases in each group. Children in the control group were given regular education, however, children in the observation group were given health education related to children acute poisoning, we compared the impact of two methods on children acute poisoning. Results The incidence of acute poisoning in the control group was 20.0%, while the value in the observation group was 3.3%. Compared with the control group, the incidence of acute poisoning in the observation group was significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The pass rate in the questionnaire of acute poisoning knowledge of parents in the control group was 76.7%,while the value in the observation group was 93.3%. Compared with the control group, the pass rate of observation group was significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Health education can significantly reduce the incidence of acute poisoning in young children, and can significantly improve the acute poisoning knowledge of parents, so it is to be recommended.
  [Key words] Health education; Children with acute poisoning; Effect; Analysis
  小儿急性中毒是指毒性物质进入机体后引起器官和组织发生功能性或器质性损害,小儿急性中毒是临床较为常见的儿科急症,该病症起病较急,病情较重,预后较差,若不及时进行治疗,则死亡率极高,不仅对幼儿的生命安全构成了严重威胁,而且给幼儿的家庭及社会带来不可弥补的损失。小儿急性中毒是导致儿童死亡的重要原因之一[1-2]。近年来,小儿急性中毒的发生率逐年升高,中毒的儿童大多为婴幼儿和学龄前儿童。婴幼儿和学龄前儿童,由于认知能力差,语言表达能力欠缺,所以常常会发生误服农药、鼠药、消毒液等危险品等现象,在遇到儿童中毒情况时,大部分家长缺乏抢救知识,不能对幼儿进行及时抢救,从而造成严重后果,若家长懂得急救知识则可大大提高救治率[3-5]。在此背景下,对小儿急性中毒的预防研究成为了一个重要的研究课题,对保障幼儿的生命安全具有重要意义[3]。近年来,随着我国社会的不断发展,医疗事业取得了不断进步,人们及社会对医疗保健事业提出了更高的要求,儿童保健工作作为医疗保健的重点工作之一,越来越受到社会及人们的关注,成为了社会关注的焦点[6]。找出预防小儿急性中毒的方法对保障儿童生命健康、维持家庭稳定及社会和谐具有重要意义。本研究选取了宝安区社区2013年4月~ 2015年3月的60例小儿作为研究对象,将60例小儿随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各30例,给予对照组小儿常规教育,给予观察组小儿急性中毒健康教育,对比两种方法对预防小儿急性中毒的影响。现将具体研究报道如下。

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